MAINE INDOOR AIR QUALITY COUNCIL

 

Best Practice Committee Recommendation

Adopted by the MIAQC Board of Directors on September 11, 2003

 

 

Floor Covering Systems

 

Choosing the right floor covering system for a given application is a complex decision involving several factors; not just comfort, appearance and installation cost.  Floor coverings provide a potential source of unhealthy pollutant exposure in indoor environments.  Decisions regarding the selection, maintenance, and removal of floor coverings should be based on the general guiding principles for achieving a healthy and productive indoor environment embodied in the Maine Indoor Air Quality Council’s (MIAQC’s) General (Policy) Statement on Indoor Air Quality: maintaining a clean, dry, well ventilated, and pollutant and pest free building space.  In particular, primary attention should be placed on source control (i.e., employing principles of pollution prevention and on the minimal use of toxic or irritating substances), while ensuring adequate ventilation. 

 

Since pollutant exposure risks are associated with any floor covering or floor covering system (note: a floor covering system refers to all the materials and layers associated with a given floor covering installation), the Council recommends an approach that compares the risks and benefits of flooring options, rather than one that endorses or discourages any specific option.

 

Source control efforts should encompass:

Ø      Pollutants associated with any installation:

o       Solvents, glues, etc.

Ø      Pollutants directly emitted from the floor covering system:

o       Volatile organic compounds like formaldehyde

Ø      Pollutants collected on the surface of the floor covering:

o       Dust, dander, etc.

Ø      Pollutants associated with water damage:

o       Mold and other microbiological contaminants

Ø      Pollutants associated with cleaning and maintenance practices:

o       Floor strippers, burnishing, finishes, etc.

Ø      Pollutants associated with removal:

o       Asbestos

Ø      Pollutants associated with unintended uses of the building space and the ability of building management to control these unintended uses:

o       Converting unventilated storage closets into small offices

 

The Council recommends that the decision making process be guided by the following:

 

1)      Is the floor covering choice appropriate for the intended use of the building space?

2)      Have you considered the health impact of your floor covering choice as it affects your business, productivity and/or the population it serves? (consideration of special needs for children; consideration of  individuals with compromised health or allergic sensitivities; consideration of increased absenteeism or loss of productivity)

3)      Did you consider the total life cycle cost implications (preparation, purchase, installation, maintenance, cleaning, frequency of replacement, appearance, disposal, environmental impact, energy use, performance, etc.) of the selected option to include lost time (absences/illnesses)?

4)      Can you afford to (and will you be able to) follow the manufacturer’s specifications including installation, care and maintenance?

 

Since there are a wide variety of different floor covering options and varying levels of quality within each option, arriving at a decision that is right for you and the health of your building occupants will be a real challenge.  Combining these options with a plethora of different spaces and building uses can become complicated very quickly.  A decision matrix similar to the following could be very helpful. 

 

                                                                               

Life Cycle Cost Table

 

Type of Application: _______________________________________

 

Floor Covering

Prepar-ation

Purch-ase

Installa-tion

Equip-ment

Train-ing

Mainten-ance

Clean-ing

Dispos-al

Replace-ment Frequency

Comments

Vinyl

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Carpet

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ceramic

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Synthetic

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Linoleum

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Engineered wood

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Solid wood

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Laminate

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Bamboo

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cork

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Concrete

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Epoxy

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Stone

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marble